Review: The Magnificent Ambersons (1942)

Orson Welles' second film, The Magnificent Ambersons, often sparks lively discussions among film enthusiasts and collectors alike. Released in 1942 as Welles' follow-up to Citizen Kane, the film is an adaptation of Booth Tarkington's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel. It's a tale of a wealthy Midwestern family whose fortunes and prestige erode with the advent of the 20th century. What makes this film particularly intriguing for collectors is not only its historical and artistic value but also the behind-the-scenes story of its production, which was famously marred by studio cuts and alterations.

Plot Summary

Set in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, The Magnificent Ambersons follows the Amberson family, a once-prominent dynasty in a small Midwestern town. The family is led by the matriarch Isabel Amberson and her son George, who is both charming and arrogant. As industrialization begins to reshape American society, the Ambersons find themselves struggling to maintain their relevance and wealth. The narrative focuses on the relationships within the family, particularly the tensions between George and his mother's former suitor, Eugene Morgan, a self-made automobile manufacturer. The film explores themes of change, pride, and the inevitable decline of once-great families.

Performances

The cast of The Magnificent Ambersons delivers strong performances that bring depth to their characters. Joseph Cotten stands out as Eugene Morgan, embodying the warmth and optimism of a man who embraces the future. Agnes Moorehead, as Fanny Minafer, George's aunt, provides a standout performance filled with emotional complexity. Her portrayal of a woman trapped by her circumstances and envy is both poignant and memorable. Meanwhile, Tim Holt captures George's entitlement and vulnerability with a subtlety that makes his character's journey both frustrating and sympathetic. Dolores Costello as Isabel Amberson brings a refined grace to the screen, capturing the wistfulness of a woman torn between loyalty to her family and her past love.

Direction and Craft

Orson Welles' direction in The Magnificent Ambersons is marked by his distinctive style, with meticulous attention to detail and innovative use of light and shadow. The film's cinematography, by Stanley Cortez, enhances the atmospheric mood, employing deep focus shots and striking compositions that were pioneering at the time. Despite the studio's notorious re-editing, Welles' vision still shines through in many scenes, showcasing his ability to create poignant, visually arresting moments. The original score, composed by Bernard Herrmann, contributes significantly to the film's emotional depth, although it was also altered in the final cut.

The production history of The Magnificent Ambersons is as strong as the film itself. RKO Radio Pictures, unhappy with the initial cut, took the film away from Welles while he was out of the country, trimming it down from its original length and altering the ending. These changes have fueled much debate among film historians and collectors, as the original version is considered lost. This adds a layer of intrigue for collectors, as they seek to piece together Welles' intended vision through available materials and historical accounts.

Collector's Verdict

For collectors, The Magnificent Ambersons is a fascinating piece not just for its artistic merit but also for its tumultuous production history. The best format to own this film is the DVD release, which offers a good transfer and includes some insightful extras that dig into into the making of the film and its restoration. However, tracking down a copy can be challenging, as it is considered rare among collectors. This rarity, combined with its historical significance, makes it a prized addition to any collection focused on classic films or the works of Orson Welles.

Overall, The Magnificent Ambersons is a must-have for collectors who appreciate classic cinema and are intrigued by the stories behind the films. Its combination of rich storytelling, exceptional performances, and the enigmatic history of its production invites repeated viewings and discussions.